Civil Engineering covers a wide range of disciplines that work together to design, build, and maintain the world’s infrastructure. The major fields include:

 

 

Structural Engineering – Focuses on the design and analysis of buildings, bridges, towers, and other structures to ensure safety, stability, and strength.

 

Geotechnical Engineering – Deals with soil and rock behavior, foundation design, and earth-retaining structures, ensuring stability from the ground up.

 

Transportation Engineering – Involves planning, design, and maintenance of roads, highways, railways, airports, and traffic systems for safe and efficient movement.

 

Environmental Engineering – Focuses on protecting the environment by managing water, air, and waste systems, promoting sustainable development.

 

Water Resources Engineering – Manages the collection, storage, and distribution of water through dams, canals, drainage, and flood control systems.

 

Construction Engineering and Management – Ensures successful project execution through proper planning, scheduling, and cost control of construction activities.

 

Urban and Regional Planning – Involves designing and developing sustainable cities, towns, and communities with proper infrastructure and land use.

 

Surveying and Geomatics Engineering – Uses advanced tools and technologies to measure, map, and analyze land for construction and design purposes.

 

Materials Engineering – Studies construction materials like concrete, steel, and bitumen to improve strength, durability, and sustainability of structures.

 

 

 

Tests In civil Engineering

 

 

CALIBRATION EQUIPMENT LIST (ক্যালিব্রেশন যন্ত্রপাতি তালিকা)

 

1. Pressure Gauge / Dial Gauge (প্রেশার গেজ / ডায়াল গেজ)

 

Explanation:
Used to measure and verify pressure readings in hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Calibration ensures accurate pressure readings for testing machines.

 

 

2. Hydraulic Jack with Pressure Gauge (up to 300 tons)

(হাইড্রোলিক জ্যাক উইথ প্রেশার গেজ - ৩০০ টন পর্যন্ত)


Explanation:
Used to apply heavy loads during load tests (e.g., pile tests). Calibration ensures the pressure reading corresponds correctly to the applied load.

 

 

3. Deflection Dial (ডিফ্লেকশন ডায়াল)

 

Explanation:
Measures small deflections or displacements in structural or soil testing. Calibration maintains precision in deformation readings.

 

 

4. Proving Ring (প্রুভিং রিং)

 

Explanation:
Used to calibrate load-measuring devices. When force is applied, the ring’s deformation gives a standard reference to check accuracy of load-measuring equipment.

 

 

5. Compression Machine (কম্প্রেশন মেশিন)

 

Explanation:
Used for testing compressive strength of concrete, cement, or blocks. Calibration ensures accurate force application and load measurement.

 

 

6. Balance (up to 200 kg) (ব্যালেন্স - ২০০ কেজি পর্যন্ত)

 

Explanation:
Weighing device used for measuring material samples. Calibration ensures precise weight readings for accurate test results.

 

 

7. Batching Plant (ব্যাচিং প্লান্ট)

 

Explanation:
Used to mix concrete components (cement, sand, aggregate, water) in precise proportions. Calibration ensures mix accuracy and consistent concrete quality.

 

 

8. Digital Thermometer (ডিজিটাল থার্মোমিটার)

 

Explanation:
Measures temperature of materials or environments. Calibration ensures temperature readings are correct for curing, mixing, or laboratory tests.

 

 

9. Hydro Meter (হাইড্রোমিটার)

 

Explanation:
Used to measure specific gravity of liquids or soil suspensions. Calibration maintains accuracy in hydrometer readings.

 

 

10. Sand Replacement Apparatus (স্যান্ড রিপ্লেসমেন্ট অ্যাপারেটাস)

 

Explanation:
Used to determine field density of soil. Calibration ensures the accuracy of volume and density calculations during compaction control.

 

 

11. Digital pH Meter (ডিজিটাল পিএইচ মিটার)

 

Explanation:
Measures acidity or alkalinity of water and soil. Calibration with buffer solutions ensures correct pH readings.

 

 

12. Flakiness & Elongation Gauge (ফ্লেকিনেস ও এলংগেশন গেজ)

 

Explanation:
Used to measure shape characteristics of coarse aggregates. Calibration maintains size accuracy for aggregate classification.

 

 

13. Standard Proctor Compaction Apparatus with Hammer

(স্ট্যান্ডার্ড প্রোক্টর কমপ্যাকশন অ্যাপ উইথ হ্যামার)


Explanation:
Used in compaction tests to determine optimum moisture content and dry density. Calibration ensures hammer weight and drop height are accurate.

 

 

14. Screw Gauge (0–25 × 0.01 mm) (স্ক্রু গেজ)

 

Explanation:
Used to measure small thicknesses or diameters with high precision. Calibration ensures micrometric accuracy.

 

 

15. Vernier Calipers (0–150 × 0.05 mm) (ভার্নিয়ার ক্যালিপার্স)

 

Explanation:
Measures internal and external dimensions of objects. Calibration ensures measurement accuracy for fine components.

 

 

16. Slump Cone (স্লাম্প কোন)

 

Explanation:
Used in the slump test to check concrete workability. Calibration ensures correct cone dimensions and consistency of test results.

 

 

17. Sieve Set (সিভ সেট)

 

Explanation:
Used to separate aggregates or soil into different size fractions. Calibration ensures mesh openings meet standard sizes.

 

 

18. Survey Equipment (Level Machine, Theodolite, Total Station, etc.)

(সার্ভে সরঞ্জাম)


Explanation:
Used in land and construction surveys for precise measurements of distance, elevation, and angles. Calibration ensures accurate field data and layout control.